Arthritis: Painful Disease That Affects The Joints
It is an inflammatory disease of one or more joints. Characterized by
pain, swelling, deformity and/or rigidity of the joint. It is commonest
the affectation in the knees, fingers, toes, wrists, elbows and shoulders.
The neck, the back and the hip also are affected. There are six different
types from sinoviales joints; although they have different forms from
movement, its underlying physiological structure is essentially the same
one.
Two or more joints of bones have in their bony surface a cover of cartilage
surrounded by a fluid encapsulation by ligaments. This fluid is secreted
by the sinovial membrane that is a fine lamina located within the capsule
of the joint; therefore any alteration in one of these structures can
be Arthritis.
Arthritis can be of sudden or gradual appearance. 80% of the population
over the 50 years is almost affected, more frequently in women than in
men. Lamentably this is a degenerative disease that gets worse progressively
with the age.
Symptoms:
During the acute episode the pain is very intense and the total or almost
total functional impotence. In the case of affectation of inferior members,
by example, the march usually is impossible, by which the patient is itself
forced to keep rest. The joint is fan, reddened and warms up. Arthritis
acute is often accompanied by fever not very elevated, without it implies
the existence of an infectious disease.
The subject presents/displays affectation of several joints, usually
three or, more symmetrical ones, almost always in the hand, with matutinal
rigidity and appearance of typical subcutaneous nodules, generally seated
on bony prominences (elbows) or sinews (heel).
Sanguineous alterations also usually take place characteristic (it appears
the call reumatoide factor in the serum, increases the speed of sedimentation,
etc.). When the disease is more outposts can be produced deformities in
the hands by the dislocation of the phalanxes, offering then an aspect
characteristic with fingers in "neck of swan", or other deformities.
Also bursitis (inflammation of sinoviales bags) near the joints can be
affected sinews of the forearm and take place.
In the cases of disease of long evolution the presentation of complications
in many organs is possible (glasses, skin, eyes, kidney) and other general
problems (loss of weight, anemia, propensity to the infections, etc.).
The pain the artrosis is mechanic and occasionally rigidity can be associated,
although it only happens when the upheaval very is established
Causes:
Still the cause is not known arthritis. Nevertheless, the immunological
system of the body plays an important role in the inflammation and the
damage that arthritis causes in the joints. The immunological system is
the defense of the body against bacteria, virus and other people's cells.
In arthritis, the immunological system works incorrectly and attacks
the own joints of the body and other organs. Its cause is not known, but
today it is accepted that an origin upheaval exists immune car. This means
that by a "error" of the own immunity strange molecules are
deposited (inmuno complex) in the sinovial of the joints which starts
up a series of inflammatory mechanisms, that in the end at a destruction
to articulate.
The sinovial (the membrane that upholsters the joint) once inflamed,
behaves like a proliferativo weave, call pannus, that is invading all
the joint and later the cartilage to articulate and even the bone, destroying
them.
Types:
The known types of Arthritis more:
• The drop: It is associated to the consumption
of red meats or foods with great amount of proteins and that takes place
by the elevation of uric acid in the blood and its later deposit in the
joints.
• The rheumatic fever: That hemolytic beta is
associated to the infection in the throat by streptococcus and produces
elevation of the ASTO.
• Reumatoidea arthritis: arthritis distorting,
begins to early age (20-40 years). Its cause is not known but it can cause
incapacity and great limitation if it is not diagnosed or it treats on
time.
• Arthritis or degenerative artrosis: It is associated
with the wearing down of the joints by the passage of time. He is very
frequent in age people (greater of 50 years).
• Systemic erythematous lupus: It causes a spot
in the face in butterfly form and arthritis. It can jeopardize the kidneys
or the blood, which produces nephritis or autodestruct anemia (hemolytic
anemia).
Diagnose:
In order to diagnose arthritis, the rheumatology will prepare a clinical
file and will make a physical examination. The doctor will look for certain
characteristics of arthritis, including swelling, heat and movement limited
in the joints, through all the body, in addition to nodules or bulks under
the skin. His doctor also could ask to him if he has experienced fatigue
or a general sensation of rigidity, especially when rising by the mornings,
since these two symptoms are associate with arthritis.
The pattern of affected and affected joints cannot help to distinguish
arthritis of other ailments. The analysis of the obtained sinovial liquid
by means of artrocentesis is basic to arrive at a correct diagnosis of
the existence or not from arthritis, and if this one is confirmed, the
type of arthritis which it is. On this diagnosis the type of treatment
depends of which it is administered.
Treatment:
The aim of medicines in the cases of arthritis is to alleviate to the
pain and the inflammation, besides to recover mobility in the affected
joints. Also there are other medicines that help to stop the disease or
to extinguish it. In some analgesic cases the use of pure is sufficient
like in the patients whom artrosis by the age and the wearing down of
the joints has.
These control the pain without many collateral effects, as they acetaminofen.
Often it is necessary to use anti-inflammatory a not esteroideo one (Aines)
that diminishes the inflammation. To this group the aspirin corresponds,
the Ibuprofén, naproxen, Piroxicam, the Diclofenaco, Meloxicam
and aceclofenac, among others. Usually the Aines is safe medicines, that
they are not accumulated, do not cause to tolerance or dependency.
They are possible to be suspended when it pleases, although the symptoms
can reappear. Some people, with antecedents of peptic ulcer, gastritis
or alterations at level of the kidney, can have complications like bled
by the alimentary canal or renal damage if they take Aines during long
time. By the previous thing he is not prudent to share medicines with
those of another person since they can have different effects
Autor: Hidrocodone Para Dolores.
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