The Disease Of The Cancer To The Rectum

The cancer of the rectum is a disease in which it is cancerous cells you vitiate in weaves of the rectum. The straight form leaves from the digestive apparatus. The digestive apparatus extracts and processes the nutrients (like vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, proteins and the water) of foods and keeps the remainders until they are expelled from the body.

Causes and Factors of Risk:

The exact causes of the colorrectal cancer are not known. Nevertheless, the studies demonstrate that the following factors of risk increase the possibilities of a person of suffering colorrectal cancer:

Age: While more years it has a person, greater they are the probabilities that it develops colorrectal cancer. Approximately 90% of the cancers colorrectal appear in people whom it has more than 50 years. Nevertheless, the colorrectal cancer can appear in people of less age and, in rare occasions, the adolescents.

Diet: The high fat diets and fiber losses seem to bear relation to the colorrectal cancer.

Diagnose:

The examinations of the rectum and the colon are used to help to detect (to find) and to diagnose cancer of the rectum. Between the tests that are used to diagnose cancer of the rectum is:

• Examination of Hidden Blood in Lees: This test examines lees (excrement) of the patient in search of blood that single can be observed under a microscope. In a special card a small lee sample is placed and it takes to the doctor or to the laboratory to be examined.
• Digital examination of the rectum: Examination of the rectum. The doctor or nurse, using gloves, introduces a finger lubricated in the rectum to feel abnormal nodules or areas.
• Enema of barium: A series of x-rays of the low part of the alimentary canal. A liquid is placed that contains barium (metallic compound of grayish white color) in the rectum. The barium covers the low part with the alimentary canal and x-rays are taken. This procedure is also known like series of the low part of the digestive apparatus.
• Sigmoidoscopia: Procedure to see if within the rectum and the sigmoide colon (under) there is polyps, abnormal areas or cancer. Sigmoidoscopio (an illuminated thin tube) through the rectum is inserted towards the sigmoide colon. Samples can be taken from polyps or weaves for a biopsy
• Colonoscopia: Procedure to see if within the rectum and the colon there are polyps, abnormal areas or cancer. Colonoscopio (illuminated thin tube) through the rectum is inserted until the colon. Samples from polyps or weave for a biopsy can be taken.
• Biopsy: The removal of cells or weaves for study under a microscope in order to determine the presence of cancer signs.

Treatment of the Cancer of the Rectum:

The treatment of the cancer includes three fundamental points:

Surgery: It is the treatment of election of the colorrectal cancer, and only the effective one. The type of operation varies based on the location of the tumor and the presence or not of local complications.
X-ray: It is used in the rectal cancer of pre operating form in cancers of great size; post operating in cancers that present/display estadío B2-C and like palliative therapy in inoperable tumors.
Chemotherapy: Although they are being studied new drugs for the treatment of the colorrectal cancer (CPT-11, Oxaliplatino, UFT, capecitabine, 5 etiniluracilo, monoclonal antibody 17-1 A), the used protocol more continues being 5-fluoracilo more acid more folínico (leucovorin) levamisol.

The medicine for chemotherapy is cetuximab that is sold like Erbitux that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to use against the advanced colorrectal cancer that does not respond to other treatments.

One is a monoclonal antibody, a molecule designed in the laboratory that the activity of growth receiver blocks that has left control and that is causing an interminable production of abnormal cells, that is to say, cancer.

The chemotherapy is effective to prolong the moment of the progression of the disease and the survival of the patients with advanced colorrectal cancer. The benefit of the survival can be underestimated by this metanálisis, since a proportion of patients in the arm of control of some tests received chemotherapy.

Were not differences related to the age in the effectiveness of the chemotherapy, but the old patients little are represented in the tests. The toxicity of the treatment and the impact in the quality of life and the control of the symptoms have been evaluated of inadequate form in most of the tests and additional investigations are needed to clarify the palliative benefits of the chemotherapy.

Autor: Hidrocodone Para Dolores.

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